Phosphate
Concentration
(M)
Volume of 2.50E-4 M
Solution Required for
Prep (mL)
Absorbance
at 690 nm
EB
SN, AM, BB, DW
AP, EW, JH, RC
MN, EH, EJ, AN
CS,GE,NK,JD
EC,GR,EP,AZ
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.50E-04
1.25E-04
1.00E-04
5.00E-05
2.50E-05
1.00E-05
25
20
10
5
2
0.806
0.41
0.32
0.24
0.15
0.05
RW, CF, AA
7
1.00E-06
0.2
0.017
CALIBRATION CURVE FOR MONDAY LAB
ce
Absorbance at 690 nm x + 0.0406 R= 0.988*3046
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
bsorbance at 690 nm
Group Initials
Standard
Number
0.00
0.00E+00
5.00E-05
1.00E-04
Concentration of Phosphate
1.50E-04
2.00E-04
2.50E-04
Report Guidelines ater Quality
1. Introduction. The introduction should be a detailed description of the purpose of the
experiment. It should include the following and be no less than a half page in length:
a. Fundamental background information for all concepts related to the
experiment.
i. Importance of water quality
ii. Sources of pollution
b. The theoretical basis for all instrumentation techniques (if used) should also
discussed.
i. State all analytical tests performed in the experiment
ii. Describe how each the test works? Be brief. 1-2 sentences max for each.
1. Phosphate
2. Nitrate
3. Turbidity (light-scattering phenomenon)
4. Water Hardness (EDTA titration)
5. Total Dissolved Solids (Conductivity)
c. A brief description of the objective/purpose of the experiment.
i. State your groupàwater quality hypothesis
2. Results. A results section is where figures and data are presented in an organized
fashion. The results section typically include:
a. A results section should include well-organized tables and figures of important
data.
b. All important content (i.e., data, figures, tables, and calculations) should be
included.
i. Phosphate standard calibration curve with linear equation and R 2
1. Calculation of phosphate concentration using linear equation
ii. Table of water hardness experimental data
1. Calculation of water hardness
iii. Table of all results (phosphate, nitrate, water hardness, turbidity, and total
dissolved solids)
c. Tables and figures be outfitted with appropriately located captions/titles and
1-3 descriptive sentences below them. See writing reports module for
examples of well-labelled figures and tables.
d. All calculations done should be expressed at least once (i.e., a sample
calculation should be shown). Calculations can be made in Word using the
Insert -> Equation function.
3. Discussion for the work done in this experiment.
a. A discussion is a detailed analysis of the results. As such, making direct
references to figures (e.g., see figure 1) to support your thoughts is necessary.
i. Explanation of hypothesis and strategy for when/where you obtained
water samples.
ii. Relate your data to your hypothesis.
1. What data supports your hypothesis?
2. What data disproves your hypothesis?
3. How does your results correlate to your general expectations of
these nutrient concentrations in solution?
b. An assessment of the possible sources of error AND the impact of such sources
of error on the results.
i. Which data did not seem good? What tests would you like to redo if you
had time?
ii. What additional experiments would be useful to increase your confidence
in your hypothesis?
4. References
a. References should use the ACS citation format.
b. References list must show at least one citation (i.e., the lab procedure)
though additional resources are encouraged.
5. Grammar, Spelling, and Formatting
a. Do not use personal pronouns (e.g., I, you, we, me, her, him, us, our,
ours).
b. Data has units
c. Do not use unusual fonts; employ 10-12 pt. font, regular margins, and
1.5-2.0 spacing
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