Cornell Notes-BIO 100
7.5 points (see values below)
Prof. Rihani
Chapter Number?: 2.1 Name?: Crystal D’Andrea
– 2.13
.5 pt?. Essential Question Addressed in this chapter?:
? How do the chemical systems found in every day life work?
2 pt?. Your Summary of this chapter?:
? All matter is made of elements, through which chemical reactions occur to the molecules.
? The molecules change as atoms are swapped, going from a reactant to a product.
2 pt?.? ?Questions you still have about this material?:
1. Is a polar bond stronger than a non-polar bond between atoms?
2. With varieties of purified water, why is spring water seen as more “healthful”; how does the pH scale factor in?
1 pt?.Vocabulary (type below)
2 pt?. Your Notes (type below)
Trace Elements: ?Elements
that are present in very tiny
amounts, but cells cannot
survive without them.
?
?
Cohesion: ?When molecules
tend to stick to each other.
?
?
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Functional Groups: ?Sets of
atoms that are attached to the
carbon skeleton, participating
in chemical reactions.
Hydrolysis Reactions: ?Water
molecule is split and its atoms
are to separate a monomer
from the rest of the chain.
Metabolism: ?Sum total of
chemical reactions that take
place in our body.
Dehydration Synthesis
Reaction: ?Monomer building
blocks are linked together to
form larger polymers through a
chemical reaction
Disaccharide: ?A double sugar
formed by joining two
monosaccharides through a
dehydration synthesis reaction.
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?
Most of life is carbon-based, due to carbon’s bonding up to four other atoms.
Four classes of organic compounds, carbon-based, which are important:
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Macro-molecules, as complex as they are, can be broken down via smaller
chemical reactions.
High-density lipoprotein: “Good cholesterol” – Health implications: Levels
can be increased through exercise, high levels reduce risk of heart disease.
Lipids include: phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and steroid
hormones.
Unsaturated fat molecules are not easily stackable, found mostly in
vegetables and oils.
Enzymes are a kind of protein that speed up chemical reactions without
being changed themselves. An example is lactase breaking lactose into
glucose and galactose.

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