Grand Canyon University Net Present Value Method Discussion
Description
Explain how a net present value (NPV) profile is used to compare capital projects. How does this profile compare to that of internal rate of return (IRR)? How does reinvestment affect both NPV and IRR? Support your rationale with at least one citation from the literature.
Net Present Value (NPV) profiles are used to compare the value of two or more capital projects. The NPV profile shows the sum of all cash flows expected from a project, both inflows and outflows, and is adjusted for the time value of money using a discount rate. A positive NPV indicates that a project is profitable, whereas a negative NPV indicates that a project is unprofitable. The NPV profile is typically compared to the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) profile to determine which project provides the most value. The IRR profile shows the discount rate at which the NPV of a project is equal to zero. A higher IRR implies a higher rate of return and, therefore, a more profitable project. However, the NPV profile is more accurate in a comparison of projects because it takes into account the time value of money and the risk associated with a project. Reinvestment affects both NPV and IRR because the cash flows associated with a project can be reinvested at different rates. Reinvesting cash flows at a higher rate will increase the NPV of a project because the present value of future cash flows is higher. This will also increase the IRR of a project because the discount rate at which the NPV is equal to zero is higher. On the other hand, reinvesting cash flows at a lower rate will decrease the NPV and IRR of a project. In conclusion, NPV profiles are used to compare the value of two or more capital projects. The NPV profile is more accurate than the IRR profile in a comparison of projects because it takes into account the time value of money and the risk associated with a project. Reinvestment affects both NPV and IRR because the cash flows associated with a project can be reinvested at different rates.
References:
McLaney, E. J. (2017). Business finance: Theory and practice (14th ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson.
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