1 = Countless articles have documented the enormous effort by companies to lobby in the area of healthcare policy. Here are a few:

https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/industries?cycle=2022

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-020-06085-6

What is your view on the lobbying efforts? Does this give voice to those that aren’t able to share their concerns or is it efforts by big companies to force their views on the process? Comment on your opinion of this topic. Do you believe the pluralistic or elitist perspective is dominant today?

2 = The US policymaking process in the context of the marketplace. There are suppliers as well as demanders of policy. This is also seen on the state level. Look at your state government web site. For Arkansas, it is www.arkansas.gov. Investigate the policy-making process in your state. See if you can find an example, perhaps in the news, which illustrates this policymaking process. Provide a commentary on the process as well as an overview of an example (1 to 2 pages, double-spaced, 12 font).

3a = . Documentation was recently lost from a local emergency medical services agency when an ambulance door came unlatched and patient information flew out. Assess the following piece of documentation that a bystander found and read. It contains this information:

Gender: male

Age: 83

Residence: Anytown, Ohio (the population of Anytown is 6,000 residents)

Narrative: This gentleman was transported to Mercy Hospital suffering from chest pain.

a. Describe the three-part test for determining whether information is PHI.

b. Is the first part of the test met? Explain whether the document in question contains any of the HIPAA identifiers and, if so, which ones were included.

c. Is the second part of the test met? Explain why you answered yes or no.

d. Is the third part of the test met? Explain why you answered yes or no.

e. Was there a HIPAA violation when this information fell out of the ambulance and was read by the bystander?

3b. Visit the United States Department of Health and Human Services ealth Information Privacy website at http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/consumers/index.html. Follow each of the links on the page. List three facts that they learned from the website that you did not already know.

3c. Visit the United States Department of Health and Human Services ealth Information Privacy website at http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/faq/index.html. Select a category under Qs by Category2elated to a topic addressed in this chapter, then document one FAQ, adding your thoughts on this FAQ.