please comment to those posts separately and ask each post a question

1.Surfactant is usually found in the alveoli in the lungs. Its function is primarily to lower the surface tension while preventing the alveoli from collapsing, killing pathogens, and preventing dissemination(Han, 2015). A decreased surfactant results in problems like alveolar collapse, atelectasis, and ventilation-perfusion abnormalities, which are all forms of respiratory distress(Resnik, 2019). Because the newborn exhibits low oxygen and high carbon dioxide she may develop respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis is a disorder that occurs when the lungs cannot remove enough carbon dioxide resulting in high amounts and low oxygen(healthline.org). The newborn’s body might compensate by maintaining a neutral balance of acids and bases. Then the kidneys will begin to excrete more hydrogen and retain bicarbonate to compensate for the respiratory acidosis(healthline.org)

2.First, if the infant lacks surfactant, the lungs will not be able to reduce surface tensions of the alveolar fluid, decreasing the resistance to stretching during ventilation. Without surfactants, the lungs cannot expand correctly because they are “molecules that disrupt cohesive forces between water molecules by substituting themselves for water at the surface” (Silverthorn, 2019). Additionally, if the newborn doesn’t have adequate surfactants, they may develop respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) (Silverthorn, 2019). This syndrome exhibits low-compliance lungs preventing them from breathing correctly and collapsing their alveoli as they exhale. Furthermore, respiratory acidosis is an acid-based disorder that can arise from high carbon dioxide levels. This build-up of carbon dioxide causes the blood to become more acidic (Sharma, 2022). Also, to compensate for the excess CO2 and revert to normal pH, “the kidneys begin to excrete more acid in the forms of hydrogen and ammonium and reabsorb more base in the form of bicarbonate” (Sharma, 2022). Good luck with the midterms!