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SAT 1 WU RCA And FMEA Case Study

SAT 1 WU RCA And FMEA Case Study

SAT 1 WU RCA And FMEA Case Study

Description

SCENARIO

Mr. B was admitted to the triage room where his vital signs were B/P 120/80, HR-88 (regular), T-98.6, and R-32, and his weight was recorded at 175 pounds. Mr. B. states that he has no known allergies and no previous falls. He states, y hip area and leg hurt really bad. I have never had anything like this before.®bsp;Patient rates pain at 10 out of 10 on the numerical verbal pain scale. He appears to be in moderate distress. His (L) leg appears shortened with swelling (edema in the calf), ecchymosis, and limited range of motion (ROM). Mr. Bænbsp;leg is stabilized and then is further evaluated and discharged from triage to the emergency department (ED) patient room. He is admitted by Nurse J. Nurse J finds that Mr. B has a history of impaired glucose tolerance and prostate cancer. At Mr. Bænbsp;last visit with his primary care physician, laboratory data revealed elevated cholesterol and lipids. Mr. Bænbsp;current medications are atorvastatin and oxycodone for chronic back pain. After Mr. Bænbsp;assessment is completed, Nurse J informs Dr. T, the ED physician, of admission findings, and Dr. T proceeds to examine Mr. B.

Staffing on this day consists of two nurses (one RN and one LPN), one secretary, and one emergency department physician. Respiratory therapy is in-house and available as needed. At the time of Mr. Bænbsp;arrival, the ED staff is caring for two other patients. One patient is a 43-year-old female complaining of a throbbing headache. The patient rates current pain at 4 out of 10 on numerical verbal pain scale. The patient states that she has a history of migraines. She received treatment, remains stable, and discharge is pending. The second patient is an eight-year-old boy being evaluated for possible appendicitis. Laboratory results are pending for this patient. Both of these patients were examined, evaluated, and cared for by Dr. T and are awaiting further treatment or orders.

After evaluation of Mr. B, Dr. T writes the order for Nurse J to administer diazepam 5 mg IVP to Mr. B. The medication diazepam is administered IVP at 4:05 p.m. After five minutes, the diazepam appears to have had no effect on Mr. B, and Dr. T instructs Nurse J to administer hydromorphone 2 mg IVP. The medication hydromorphone is administered IVP at 4:15 p.m. After five minutes, Dr. T is still not satisfied with the level of sedation Mr. B has achieved and instructs Nurse J to administer another 2 mg of hydromorphone IVP and an additional 5 mg of diazepam IVP. The physicianænbsp;goal is for the patient to achieve skeletal muscle relaxation from the diazepam, which will aid in the manual manipulation, relocation, and alignment of Mr. Bænbsp;hip. The hydromorphone IVP was administered to achieve pain control and sedation. After reviewing the patientænbsp;medical history, Dr. T notes that the patientænbsp;weight and current regular use of oxycodone appear to be making it more difficult to sedate Mr. B.

Finally, at 4:25 p.m., the patient appears to be sedated, and the successful reduction of his (L) hip takes place. The patient appears to have tolerated the procedure and remains sedated. He is not currently on any supplemental oxygen. The procedure concludes at 4:30 p.m.,and Mr. B is resting without indications of discomfort and distress. At this time, the ED receives an emergency dispatch call alerting the emergency department that the emergency rescue unit paramedics are enroute with a 75-year-old patient in acute respiratory distress. Nurse J places Mr. B on an automatic blood pressure machine programmed to monitor his B/P every five minutes and a pulse oximeter. At this time, Nurse J leaves Mr. Bænbsp;room. The nurse allows Mr. Bænbsp;son to sit with him as he is being monitored via the blood pressure monitor. At 4:35 p.m., Mr. Bænbsp;B/P is 110/62 and his O2 saturation is 92%. He remains without supplemental oxygen and his ECG and respirations are not monitored.

Nurse J and the LPN on duty have received the emergency transport patient. They are also in the process of discharging the other two patients. Meanwhile, the ED lobby has become congested with new incoming patients. At this time, Mr. Bænbsp;O2 saturation alarm is heard and shows /w O2 saturation®bsp;(currently showing a saturation of 85%). The LPN enters Mr. Bænbsp;room briefly, resets the alarm, and repeats the B/P reading.

Nurse J is now fully engaged with the emergency care of the respiratory distress patient, which includes assessments, evaluation, and the ordering of respiratory treatments, CXR, labs, etc.

At 4:43 p.m., Mr. Bænbsp;son comes out of the room and informs the nurse that the onitor is alarming.®bsp;When Nurse J enters the room, the blood pressure machine shows Mr. Bænbsp;B/P reading is 58/30 and the O2 saturation is 79%. The patient is not breathing and no palpable pulse can be detected.

A STAT CODE is called and the son is escorted to the waiting room. The code team arrives and begins resuscitative efforts. When connected to the cardiac monitor, Mr. B is found to be in ventricular fibrillation. CPR begins immediately by the RN, and Mr. B is intubated. He is defibrillated and reversal agents, IV fluids, and vasopressors are administered. After 30 minutes of interventions, the ECG returns to a normal sinus rhythm with a pulse and a B/P of 110/70. The patient is not breathing on his own and is fully dependent on the ventilator. The patientænbsp;pupils are fixed and dilated. He has no spontaneous movements and does not respond to noxious stimuli. Air transport is called, and upon the familyænbsp;wishes, the patient is transferred to a tertiary facility for advanced care.

Seven days later, the receiving hospital informed the rural hospital that EEGænbsp;had determined brain death in Mr. B. The family had requested life-support be removed, and Mr. B subsequently died.

Additional information: The hospital where Mr. B. was originally seen and treated had a moderate sedation/analgesia (ïnscious sedationfnbsp;policy that requires that the patient remains on continuous B/P, ECG, and pulse oximeter throughout the procedure and until the patient meets specific discharge criteria (i.e., fully awake, VSS, no N/V, and able to void). All practitioners who perform moderate sedation must first successfully complete the hospitalænbsp;moderate sedation training module. The training module includes drug selection as well as acceptable dose ranges. Additional (backup) staff was available on the day of the incident. Nurse J had completed the moderate sedation module. Nurse J had current ACLS certification and was an experienced critical care nurse. Nurse Jænbsp;prior annual clinical evaluations by the manager demonstrated that the nurse was eeting requirements.®bsp;Nurse J did not have a history of negligent patient care. Sufficient equipment was available and in working order in the ED on this day.am investigating the incident.

REQUIREMENTS

A. Explain the general purpose of conducting a root cause analysis (RCA).

1. Explain each of the six steps used to conduct an RCA, as defined by IHI.

2. Apply the RCA process to the scenario to describe the causative and contributing factors that led to the sentinel event outcome.

B. Propose a process improvement plan that would decrease the likelihood of a reoccurrence of the scenario outcome.

1. Discuss how each phase of Lewinænbsp;change theory on the human side of change could be applied to the proposed improvement plan.

C. Explain the general purpose of the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) process.

1. Describe the steps of the FMEA process as defined by IHI.

2. Complete the attached FMEA table by appropriately applying the scales of severity, occurrence, and detection to the process improvement plan proposed in part B.

Note: You are not expected to carry out the full FMEA.

D. Explain how you would test the interventions from the process improvement plan from part B to improve care.

E. Explain how a professional nurse can competently demonstrate leadership in each of the following areas:

  • promoting quality care
  • improving patient outcomes
  • influencing quality improvement activities

1. Discuss how the involvement of the professional nurse in the RCA and FMEA processes demonstrates leadership qualities.

F. Acknowledge sources, using in-text citations and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized.

G. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and presentation of your submission.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

repare to write o Be sure you are writing to the Task Requirements and then verify with the Task
Rubric. o
Utilize the SAT Task 2 Template
ecommended length 10-12 pages
Task Helpful Tips
A. General Purpose
1. Use the RCA guide also see IHI PS 201 essons 2 & 3 Course
Materials> page 14
2. Describe in your own words
3. Do not need to apply steps to the scenario in this section
A1. RCA Steps
1. List each step briefly and describe in your own words
2. Do not need to apply steps to the scenario in this section
A2. Apply RCA
1. Define causative and contributing factors (either together or
separately)
2. List several factors for each
3. No right or wrong answers as long as evidence is cited from the
scenario
4. List which steps from the RCA process helped you determine these
factors (not all steps need to be listed; just the steps that helped
determine causative and contributing factors).
B. Propose Process Improvement
Plan
1. Based on the problems you identified in section A2, what
recommendations would you make to correct those problems?
2. Think about what you could create, implement, modify, etc. to
prevent the outcome in the scenario
Success Guide February 2021 4
B1. LewinàChange Theory
1. See Cherry (textbook) Ch 17- page 304 or IHI QI 201: L1: How
Change Spreads from Course Materials > page 19
2. Describe LewinàChange Theory and the 3 phases
3. Discuss how you would apply the 3 phases within your
improvement plan (from letter B)
C. FMEA Process 1. Use the FMEA Tool Also Watch the FMEA video from Course
Materials > page 15
2. Put information in your own words
C1. Steps of FMEA process
1. Use the FMEA Tool Also Watch the FMEA video from Course
Materials > page 15
2. Describe the 5 steps of the FMEA process as defined by IHI.
3. List as though someone reading your paper would know how to
conduct an FMEA
4. There are 5 steps in the FMEA process according to IHI; completing
the FMEA table is Step 4. A numbered list can be used.
5. Describe in your own words.
C2. FMEA Table
1. Use table provided by __ found at the bottom of Task 2
2. Focus on improvement plan from letter B, not problems within the
scenario
3. Table should correlate with Improvement Plan from letter B
4. Can either be one theme with 4 steps in the process, or 4 different
steps (different improvements)
5. Use the FMEA Tool Also Watch the FMEA video from Course
Materials > Page 15
D. Test Interventions
1. Discuss PDSA cycle: IHI QI 102-Lesson 5 & QI 103
2. Apply the PDSA cycle to one part of your plan from Section B to
explain how you would test the interventions
E. Leadership
1. See Cherry (textbook) Ch 17 page 290. Access through Course
Materials > page 18 Also, IHI L101: Intro to Healthcare Leadership
2. Focus on nurse leadership (influence of others)
3. Discuss all 3 areas separately and provide one example of
leadership for each:
romoting quality care
mproving patient outcomes
nfluencing quality improvement activities
4. You can share from your professional experience or organizational
opportunities
E1. Nurse Involvement with RCA & FMEA
1. Discuss both processes separately
2. How would you demonstrate leadership within these processes?
3. May also help to focus on interdisciplinary collaboration.

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