Background: Professor Haifeng Huang (2015) examined why authoritarian governments engage
in propaganda when citizens often know their governments are propagandizing and therefore
resist, ignore, or deride the messages. He argued that blatant propaganda “signals” regime
strength in maintaining social control. More specifically, by being able to afford significant
resources to present a unified propaganda message and impose it on citizens, a government that
has a strong capacity to maintain social control and political order can send a credible signal
about this capacity and distinguish itself from a weak government, hence implicitly intimidating
the masses who may otherwise contemplate regime change. To validate his argument, he ran the
following OLS regression (there is a slight modification from the original study to make the
interpretation easier).
Please answer the following question.
? Based on the table, what is the dependent variable?
? Based on the table, what is the independent variable?
? Based on the table, what are the control variables?
? If possible, please write down a formula of the regression fitted line.
? Based on the result, how would you interpret the result regarding “Propaganda score”?
(e.g., On average, ~)
? Is this main result statistically significant at the 5% significance level? Why? Why not?

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